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int(sqrtx)/(x+1)

xx+1 \int \frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}

Full solution

Q. xx+1 \int \frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}
  1. Perform Substitution: Let I=xx+1dxI = \int \frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1} \, dx. To solve this integral, we will perform a substitution. Let u=x+1u = x + 1, which implies that du=dxdu = dx and x=u1x = u - 1.
  2. Rewrite in terms of uu: Rewrite the integral in terms of uu. The integral becomes I=u1uduI = \int \frac{\sqrt{u - 1}}{u} \, du.
  3. Simplify Integral: This integral does not have a straightforward antiderivative, so we will try to simplify it further. We can split the integral into two parts using the property of integrals that f(x)+g(x)dx=f(x)dx+g(x)dx\int f(x) + g(x) \, dx = \int f(x) \, dx + \int g(x) \, dx. However, in this case, it does not seem to simplify the problem. We need to find another approach.
  4. Attempt Integration by Parts: Since the direct approach does not simplify the integral, we will try integration by parts. However, this also does not seem to lead to a simplification because we do not have a product of functions that would be suitable for integration by parts. We need to find a different method.
  5. Try Another Substitution: We will attempt a different substitution to simplify the integral. Let's try the substitution x=t2x = t^2, which implies that dx=2tdtdx = 2t dt and x=t\sqrt{x} = t.
  6. Rewrite in terms of t: Rewrite the integral in terms of t. The integral becomes I=tt2+12tdt=2t2t2+1dtI = \int \frac{t}{t^2 + 1} \cdot 2t \, dt = 2\int \frac{t^2}{t^2 + 1} \, dt.
  7. Split Integral into Two Parts: Now we can split the integral into two parts: 2(t2+11t2+1)dt=21dt21t2+1dt2\int(\frac{t^2 + 1 - 1}{t^2 + 1}) \, dt = 2\int 1 \, dt - 2\int \frac{1}{t^2 + 1} \, dt.
  8. Integrate Separately: Integrate both parts separately. The first part is straightforward: 21dt=2t2\int 1 \, dt = 2t. The second part is a standard integral: 21t2+1dt=2arctan(t)2\int \frac{1}{t^2 + 1} \, dt = 2\text{arctan}(t).
  9. Combine Results: Combine the results of the two integrals. I=2t2arctan(t)+CI = 2t - 2\arctan(t) + C, where CC is the constant of integration.
  10. Substitute back for t: Substitute back for t to get the integral in terms of x. Since t=xt = \sqrt{x}, we have I=2x2arctan(x)+CI = 2\sqrt{x} - 2\arctan(\sqrt{x}) + C.