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Evaluate x2+2x+3x+1dx\int\frac{x^{2}+2x+3}{x+1}\,dx

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Q. Evaluate x2+2x+3x+1dx\int\frac{x^{2}+2x+3}{x+1}\,dx
  1. Simplify the integrand: Simplify the integrand by performing polynomial long division or synthetic division.\newlineWe have the integral of a rational function, where the numerator is a polynomial of degree 22 and the denominator is a polynomial of degree 11. We can simplify the integrand by dividing x2+2x+3x^2 + 2x + 3 by x+1x + 1.\newlinePerforming the division, we get:\newline(x2+2x+3)/(x+1)=x+1+2x+1(x^2 + 2x + 3) / (x + 1) = x + 1 + \frac{2}{x + 1}
  2. Rewrite with simplified integrand: Rewrite the integral with the simplified integrand.\newlineNow we can write the integral as the sum of two simpler integrals:\newlinex2+2x+3x+1dx=(x+1)dx+2x+1dx\int\frac{x^2 + 2x + 3}{x + 1} dx = \int(x + 1) dx + \int\frac{2}{x + 1} dx
  3. Integrate first part: Integrate the first part of the sum.\newlineThe integral of x+1x + 1 with respect to xx is straightforward:\newline(x+1)dx=12x2+x+C1\int(x + 1) dx = \frac{1}{2}x^2 + x + C_1\newlinewhere C1C_1 is the constant of integration.
  4. Integrate second part: Integrate the second part of the sum.\newlineThe integral of 2/(x+1)2 / (x + 1) with respect to xx is a standard integral that results in a natural logarithm:\newline2(x+1)dx=2lnx+1+C2\int \frac{2}{(x + 1)} dx = 2\ln|x + 1| + C_2\newlinewhere C2C_2 is another constant of integration.
  5. Combine results: Combine the results from Step 33 and Step 44.\newlineAdding the two integrals together, we get the final result:\newline(x2+2x+3x+1)dx=(12)x2+x+2lnx+1+C\int(\frac{x^2 + 2x + 3}{x + 1}) \, dx = (\frac{1}{2})x^2 + x + 2\ln|x + 1| + C\newlinewhere CC is the combined constant of integration (C=C1+C2C = C_1 + C_2).

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