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A large random sample of American students in seventh grade showed that
20% of them were reading below grade level.
Based on this data, which of the following conclusions are valid?
Choose 1 answer:
A About
20% of all American students in seventh grade were reading below grade level.
(B)
20% of this sample was reading below grade level, but we cannot conclude anything about the population.
(C) About
20% of all American students were reading below grade level.

A large random sample of American students in seventh grade showed that $20 \%$ of them were reading below grade level. $\newline$ Based on this data, which of the following conclusions are valid? $\newline$ Choose $1$ answer: $\newline$ (A) About $20 \%$ of all American students in seventh grade were reading below grade level. $\newline$ (B) $20 \%$ of this sample was reading below grade level, but we cannot conclude anything about the population. $\newline$ (C) About $20 \%$ of all American students were reading below grade level.

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Interpret regression lines

Full solution

Q. A large random sample of American students in seventh grade showed that

20 \%

of them were reading below grade level.

\newline

Based on this data, which of the following conclusions are valid?

\newline

Choose

1

answer:

\newline

(A) About

20 \%

of all American students in seventh grade were reading below grade level.

\newline

(B)

20 \%

of this sample was reading below grade level, but we cannot conclude anything about the population.

\newline

(C) About

20 \%

of all American students were reading below grade level.

Look at data: Look at the data given: $20\%$ of a large random sample of American students in seventh grade were reading below grade level.
Understand random sample: Understand what a random sample represents: It's meant to represent the larger population, so if the sample is large and random, the percentage in the sample should be close to the percentage in the population.
Analyze answer choices: Analyze the answer choices: A suggests that the sample percentage applies to all seventh graders, B suggests that the sample percentage only applies to the sample, and C suggests that the sample percentage applies to all American students, not just seventh graders.
Apply statistics knowledge: Apply knowledge of statistics: Since the sample is large and random, we can infer that the percentage of the sample is likely to reflect the percentage of the population, but we cannot be certain without knowing more about the sampling method and the population size.
Choose valid conclusion: Choose the most statistically valid conclusion: B is the most cautious and correct interpretation of the data, as it acknowledges the sample result without overgeneralizing to the entire population.

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