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What is the particular solution to the differential equation dydx=3+y12x\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{3+y}{1-2x} with the initial condition y(0)=0y(0)=0 ?

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Q. What is the particular solution to the differential equation dydx=3+y12x\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{3+y}{1-2x} with the initial condition y(0)=0y(0)=0 ?
  1. Separate variables: Separate the variables in the differential equation.\newlineWe want to get all the yy terms on one side and all the xx terms on the other side. This can be done by multiplying both sides by (12x)dx(1-2x)\,dx and dividing by (3+y)(3+y).\newlineSo we get (12x)dx=dy3+y(1-2x)\,dx = \frac{dy}{3+y}.
  2. Integrate both sides: Integrate both sides of the equation.\newlineWe integrate the left side with respect to xx and the right side with respect to yy.\newline(12x)dx=dy3+y\int(1-2x)\,dx = \int\frac{dy}{3+y}
  3. Perform integration: Perform the integration.\newlineThe left side becomes xx2+C1x - x^2 + C_1, where C1C_1 is the constant of integration.\newlineThe right side becomes ln3+y+C2\ln|3+y| + C_2, where C2C_2 is the constant of integration.\newlineSo we have xx2+C1=ln3+y+C2x - x^2 + C_1 = \ln|3+y| + C_2.
  4. Combine constants: Combine the constants of integration.\newlineSince C1C_1 and C2C_2 are both constants, we can combine them into a single constant, which we'll call CC.\newlineSo we have xx2=ln3+y+Cx - x^2 = \ln|3+y| + C.
  5. Apply initial condition: Apply the initial condition to find CC. We are given that y(0)=0y(0) = 0, so we plug in x=0x = 0 and y=0y = 0 into the equation. 002=ln3+0+C0 - 0^2 = \ln|3+0| + C This simplifies to 0=ln(3)+C0 = \ln(3) + C. So C=ln(3)C = -\ln(3).
  6. Write particular solution: Write the particular solution with the value of CC. Substitute CC back into the equation to get the particular solution. xx2=ln3+yln(3)x - x^2 = \ln|3+y| - \ln(3)
  7. Simplify equation: Simplify the equation by using properties of logarithms.\newlineWe can use the property of logarithms that ln(a)ln(b)=ln(ab)\ln(a) - \ln(b) = \ln\left(\frac{a}{b}\right) to combine the logarithms on the right side.\newlinexx2=ln(3+y/3)x - x^2 = \ln\left(\left|3+y\right|/3\right)
  8. Remove absolute value: Remove the absolute value.\newlineSince ln(a)\ln(a) is only defined for a > 0, and 3+y > 0 for the solution to exist, we can remove the absolute value.\newlinexx2=ln((3+y)/3)x - x^2 = \ln((3+y)/3)
  9. Exponentiate to solve: Exponentiate both sides to solve for yy. Raise ee to the power of both sides to get rid of the natural logarithm. exx2=3+y3e^{x - x^2} = \frac{3+y}{3}
  10. Solve for y: Solve for y.\newlineMultiply both sides by 33 to isolate yy.\newline3e(xx2)=3+y3e^{(x - x^2)} = 3+y\newliney=3e(xx2)3y = 3e^{(x - x^2)} - 3

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