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Select the outlier in the data set.\newline6,44,50,52,53,58,60,696, 44, 50, 52, 53, 58, 60, 69\newlineIf the outlier were removed from the data set, would the mean increase or decrease?\newlineChoices:\newline(A)increase\newline(B)decrease

Full solution

Q. Select the outlier in the data set.\newline6,44,50,52,53,58,60,696, 44, 50, 52, 53, 58, 60, 69\newlineIf the outlier were removed from the data set, would the mean increase or decrease?\newlineChoices:\newline(A)increase\newline(B)decrease
  1. Identify Outlier: Identify the outlier in the given data set: 6,44,50,52,53,58,60,696, 44, 50, 52, 53, 58, 60, 69. To find the outlier, we can calculate the interquartile range (IQR) and then determine if any values fall more than 1.51.5 times the IQR above the third quartile or below the first quartile.
  2. Arrange Data: First, arrange the data set in ascending order, which is already done: 6,44,50,52,53,58,60,696, 44, 50, 52, 53, 58, 60, 69. Next, find the median (the middle value) of the data set. Since there are 88 numbers, the median will be the average of the 44th and 55th values: (52+53)/2=52.5(52 + 53) / 2 = 52.5.
  3. Find Median: Now, find the first quartile Q1Q_1, which is the median of the first half of the data set: 6,44,50,526, 44, 50, 52. The median of these four numbers is (44+50)/2=47(44 + 50) / 2 = 47.
  4. Find Q11: Find the third quartile (Q3Q_3), which is the median of the second half of the data set: 5353, 5858, 6060, 6969. The median of these four numbers is (58+60)/2=59(58 + 60) / 2 = 59.
  5. Find Q33: Calculate the interquartile range (IQR): IQR=Q3Q1=5947=12\text{IQR} = Q3 - Q1 = 59 - 47 = 12.
  6. Calculate IQR: Determine the lower bound for potential outliers: Q11.5×IQR=471.5×12=4718=29Q1 - 1.5 \times IQR = 47 - 1.5 \times 12 = 47 - 18 = 29. Determine the upper bound for potential outliers: Q3+1.5×IQR=59+1.5×12=59+18=77Q3 + 1.5 \times IQR = 59 + 1.5 \times 12 = 59 + 18 = 77. Any number below 2929 or above 7777 is considered an outlier.
  7. Determine Lower Bound: Looking at the data set, the number 66 is below the lower bound of 2929, so it is an outlier. There are no numbers above the upper bound of 7777.
  8. Determine Upper Bound: Now, let's determine if the mean would increase or decrease upon the removal of the outlier 66. First, calculate the mean of the original data set: (6+44+50+52+53+58+60+69)/8=392/8=49(6 + 44 + 50 + 52 + 53 + 58 + 60 + 69) / 8 = 392 / 8 = 49.
  9. Identify Outlier Removal: Next, calculate the mean of the data set without the outlier 66: (44+50+52+53+58+60+69)/7=386/755.14(44 + 50 + 52 + 53 + 58 + 60 + 69) / 7 = 386 / 7 \approx 55.14.
  10. Calculate Mean Original: Comparing the two means, the mean without the outlier 66 is greater than the mean with the outlier. Therefore, the mean would increase if the outlier were removed.

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