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A pendulum is swinging back and forth. After 
t seconds, the horizontal distance from the bob to the place where it was released is given by

H(t)=7-7cos((2pi(t-2))/(20)).
How often does the bob cross its midline? Give an exact answer.
Every seconds

A pendulum is swinging back and forth. After t t seconds, the horizontal distance from the bob to the place where it was released is given by\newlineH(t)=77cos(2π(t2)20). H(t)=7-7 \cos \left(\frac{2 \pi(t-2)}{20}\right) . \newlineHow often does the bob cross its midline? Give an exact answer.\newlineEvery \square seconds

Full solution

Q. A pendulum is swinging back and forth. After t t seconds, the horizontal distance from the bob to the place where it was released is given by\newlineH(t)=77cos(2π(t2)20). H(t)=7-7 \cos \left(\frac{2 \pi(t-2)}{20}\right) . \newlineHow often does the bob cross its midline? Give an exact answer.\newlineEvery \square seconds
  1. Crossing Midline: The midline is crossed when H(t)H(t) equals 77, which is the average of the maximum and minimum values of H(t)H(t).
  2. Set Equation: Set H(t)H(t) equal to 77 to find when the bob crosses the midline:\newline7=77cos(2π(t2)20)7 = 7 - 7\cos\left(\frac{2\pi(t-2)}{20}\right).
  3. Simplify Equation: Simplify the equation: 0=7cos(2π(t2)20)0 = -7\cos\left(\frac{2\pi(t-2)}{20}\right).
  4. Isolate Cosine Function: Divide both sides by 7-7 to isolate the cosine function:\newline0=cos(2π(t2)20)0 = \cos\left(\frac{2\pi(t-2)}{20}\right).
  5. Find Zeroes of Cosine: The cosine function equals zero at π2+kπ\frac{\pi}{2} + k\pi, where kk is an integer.
  6. Solve for t: Solve for t: \newline(π2+kπ)=2π(t2)20\left(\frac{\pi}{2} + k\pi\right) = \frac{2\pi(t-2)}{20}.
  7. Multiply and Solve: Multiply both sides by 202π\frac{20}{2\pi} to solve for tt: \newlinet=10π(π2+kπ)+2.t = \frac{10}{\pi} \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{2} + k\pi\right) + 2.
  8. Simplify Equation: Simplify the equation: t=5+20k+2t = 5 + 20k + 2.
  9. Combine Like Terms: Combine like terms: t=7+20kt = 7 + 20k.
  10. Period of Cosine Function: The bob crosses the midline every 2020 seconds, which is the period of the cosine function.

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