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The given equation shows the number of possible distinct passwords, 
p, of length, 
L, where each character is selected from 
n permitted characters.

p=n^(L)
How does the number, 
p, of possible distinct passwords change if the length is increased by 3 characters?
Choose 1 answer:
(A) 
p is multiplied by 
n^(3).
(B) 
p is multiplied by 
3n.
(C) 
p is cubed.
(D) 
p is multiplied by 3 .

The given equation shows the number of possible distinct passwords, p p , of length, L L , where each character is selected from n n permitted characters.\newlinep=nL p=n^{L} \newlineHow does the number, p p , of possible distinct passwords change if the length is increased by 33 characters?\newlineChoose 11 answer:\newline(A) p p is multiplied by n3 n^{3} .\newline(B) p p is multiplied by 3n 3 n .\newline(C) p p is cubed.\newline(D) p p is multiplied by 33 .

Full solution

Q. The given equation shows the number of possible distinct passwords, p p , of length, L L , where each character is selected from n n permitted characters.\newlinep=nL p=n^{L} \newlineHow does the number, p p , of possible distinct passwords change if the length is increased by 33 characters?\newlineChoose 11 answer:\newline(A) p p is multiplied by n3 n^{3} .\newline(B) p p is multiplied by 3n 3 n .\newline(C) p p is cubed.\newline(D) p p is multiplied by 33 .
  1. Original Formula Explanation: The original formula for the number of possible distinct passwords is p=nLp = n^{L}. We need to determine the new number of passwords when the length LL is increased by 33.
  2. New Length Denotation: Let's denote the new length as Lnew=L+3L_{\text{new}} = L + 3. The new number of possible passwords will be pnew=nLnewp_{\text{new}} = n^{L_{\text{new}}}.
  3. Substitution of New Length: Substitute LnewL_{\text{new}} into the formula: pnew=n(L+3)p_{\text{new}} = n^{(L + 3)}.
  4. Rewriting Using Exponents: Using the properties of exponents, we can rewrite nL+3n^{L + 3} as nLn3n^L \cdot n^3.
  5. Substitution of Original Number: Since nLn^L is the original number of passwords pp, we can substitute pp back into the equation: pnew=p×n3p_{\text{new}} = p \times n^3.
  6. Final Conclusion: This shows that the new number of passwords is the original number of passwords multiplied by n3n^3. Therefore, the correct answer is (A) pp is multiplied by n3n^{3}.

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