Identify Operation and Signs: Identify the operation and the signs of the numbers involved.We are subtracting −3 by −1. Both numbers are negative.
Apply Rule for Subtracting: Apply the rule for subtracting negative numbers.Subtracting a negative number is the same as adding its positive equivalent. So, −3−(−1) is the same as −3+1.
Perform Addition of Numbers: Perform the addition of −3 and 1. Add the absolute values and apply the sign of the larger absolute value. The absolute value of −3 is 3, and the absolute value of 1 is 1. Since 3 is greater than 1, the result will have the sign of −3, which is negative. Calculate: −3+1=−2