Let R1 and R2 be relations on the set \{1,2,\dots,50\} such that R1={(p,pn)}:p is a prime and n≥0 is an integer } and R2={(p,pn)}:p is a prime and n=0 or 1. Then, the number of elements in R1−R2 is ______.
Q. Let R1 and R2 be relations on the set \{1,2,\dots,50\} such that R1={(p,pn)}:p is a prime and n≥0 is an integer } and R2={(p,pn)}:p is a prime and n=0 or 1. Then, the number of elements in R1−R2 is ______.
Define R1 and R2:R1 includes pairs (p,pn) where p is prime and n is any non-negative integer. R2 includes pairs (p,pn) where p is prime and n is R20 or R21.
Find pairs in R1−R2: To find R1−R2, we need to count the pairs in R1 that are not in R2. This means we're looking for pairs where n is greater than 1.
Identify primes in set: The primes in the set {1,2,…,50} are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25. That's 26 primes.
Calculate powers of primes: For each prime p, there are infinite values of n where n > 1, but since we're limited to the set {1,2,...,50}, we need to count the powers of p that are less than or equal to50.
Example with prime 2: Let's take an example: for p=2, the powers are 22, 23, ..., up to the largest power of 2 that is less than or equal to 50. That's 25=32. So we have 22, 23, 24, and 25.
Repeat for each prime: We repeat this process for each prime, but we must be careful not to count any power of a prime that is greater than 50.
Final count of powers: After calculating, we find that the powers of primes less than or equal to 50 for each prime are: 22, 23, 24, 25, 32, 33, 34, 52, 53, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, and 232.
Final count of powers: After calculating, we find that the powers of primes less than or equal to 50 for each prime are: 22, 23, 24, 25, 32, 33, 34, 52, 53, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, and 232. Counting these, we get 233 powers of 234, 235 powers of 235, 234 powers of 238, 234 powers of 240, and 241 power each for the rest of the primes. That's 242 elements.
More problems from One-step inequalities: word problems