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If the probability that the Islanders will beat the Rangers in a game is 0.71 , what is the probability that the Islanders will win at most two out of seven games in a series against the Rangers? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth.
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If the probability that the Islanders will beat the Rangers in a game is 00.7171 , what is the probability that the Islanders will win at most two out of seven games in a series against the Rangers? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth.\newlineAnswer:

Full solution

Q. If the probability that the Islanders will beat the Rangers in a game is 00.7171 , what is the probability that the Islanders will win at most two out of seven games in a series against the Rangers? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth.\newlineAnswer:
  1. Identify Formula and Values: Identify the binomial probability formula and the values of nn, kk, and pp. The binomial probability formula is P(X=k)=C(n,k)(p)k(1p)(nk)P(X = k) = C(n, k) \cdot (p)^k \cdot (1-p)^{(n-k)}, where nn is the number of trials, kk is the number of successes, and pp is the probability of success on a single trial. For this problem, n=7n = 7 (seven games in a series), p=0.71p = 0.71 (probability that the Islanders will beat the Rangers in a game), and kk will take on the values kk00, kk11, and kk22 because we are looking for the probability of the Islanders winning at most two games.
  2. Calculate Probability for k=0k = 0: Calculate the probability for k=0k = 0. Using the binomial probability formula, we calculate P(X=0)P(X = 0): P(X=0)=C(7,0)×(0.71)0×(10.71)70P(X = 0) = C(7, 0) \times (0.71)^0 \times (1-0.71)^{7-0} C(7,0)C(7, 0) is the number of ways to choose 00 games out of 77, which is 11. (0.71)0(0.71)^0 is 11 because any number to the power of 00 is 11. k=0k = 022 is k=0k = 033. Now we calculate k=0k = 033.
  3. Calculate (0.29)7(0.29)^7: Calculate (0.29)7(0.29)^7.
    (0.29)7=0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29(0.29)^7 = 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29
    This calculation gives us approximately 0.00057410.0005741.
    Now we can calculate P(X=0)P(X = 0):
    P(X=0)=1×1×0.0005741=0.0005741P(X = 0) = 1 \times 1 \times 0.0005741 = 0.0005741.
  4. Calculate Probability for k=1k = 1: Calculate the probability for k=1k = 1. Using the binomial probability formula, we calculate P(X=1)P(X = 1): P(X=1)=C(7,1)(0.71)1(10.71)(71)P(X = 1) = C(7, 1) \cdot (0.71)^1 \cdot (1-0.71)^{(7-1)} C(7,1)C(7, 1) is the number of ways to choose 11 game out of 77, which is 77. (0.71)1(0.71)^1 is 0.710.71. (10.71)(71)(1-0.71)^{(7-1)} is (0.29)6(0.29)^6. Now we calculate (0.29)6(0.29)^6.
  5. Calculate (0.29)6(0.29)^6: Calculate (0.29)6(0.29)^6.
    (0.29)6=0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29(0.29)^6 = 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29
    This calculation gives us approximately 0.0019790.001979.
    Now we can calculate P(X=1)P(X = 1):
    P(X=1)=7×0.71×0.001979=0.00994049P(X = 1) = 7 \times 0.71 \times 0.001979 = 0.00994049.
  6. Calculate Probability for k=2k = 2: Calculate the probability for k=2k = 2. Using the binomial probability formula, we calculate P(X=2)P(X = 2): P(X=2)=C(7,2)(0.71)2(10.71)(72)P(X = 2) = C(7, 2) \cdot (0.71)^2 \cdot (1-0.71)^{(7-2)} C(7,2)C(7, 2) is the number of ways to choose 22 games out of 77, which is 7!2!(72)!=21\frac{7!}{2! \cdot (7-2)!} = 21. (0.71)2(0.71)^2 is approximately 0.50410.5041. (10.71)(72)(1-0.71)^{(7-2)} is (0.29)5(0.29)^5. Now we calculate (0.29)5(0.29)^5.
  7. Calculate (0.29)5(0.29)^5: Calculate (0.29)5(0.29)^5.
    (0.29)5=0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29×0.29(0.29)^5 = 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29 \times 0.29
    This calculation gives us approximately 0.0064080.006408.
    Now we can calculate P(X=2)P(X = 2):
    P(X=2)=21×0.5041×0.006408=0.0679057688P(X = 2) = 21 \times 0.5041 \times 0.006408 = 0.0679057688.
  8. Calculate Total Probability: Calculate the total probability for k=0k = 0, k=1k = 1, and k=2k = 2. The total probability that the Islanders will win at most two out of seven games is the sum of the probabilities for k=0k = 0, k=1k = 1, and k=2k = 2: P(X2)=P(X=0)+P(X=1)+P(X=2)P(X \leq 2) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2) P(X2)=0.0005741+0.00994049+0.0679057688P(X \leq 2) = 0.0005741 + 0.00994049 + 0.0679057688 P(X2)=0.0784203588P(X \leq 2) = 0.0784203588 Round this to the nearest thousandth to get the final answer.

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