Recognize Base and Argument: Recognize the base and the argument of the logarithm. We are given the logarithm log812431. We need to evaluate this logarithm.
Convert to Common Base: Convert the base and the argument into powers of a common base.Both 81 and 243 can be written as powers of 3, since 81=34 and 243=35.
Rewrite Using New Expressions: Rewrite the logarithm using the new expressions for the base and the argument. log81(2431) becomes log34(351).
Apply Change of Base Formula: Apply the change of base formula for logarithms. The change of base formula is logb(a)=logc(b)logc(a), where c is a new base we choose. We can choose base 3 for convenience. log34(351)=log3(34)log3(351).
Simplify Using Power Rule: Simplify the logarithms using the power rule.The power rule of logarithms states that logb(an)=n⋅logb(a). We apply this to both the numerator and the denominator.log3(351)/log3(34)=4⋅log3(3)−5⋅log3(3).
Evaluate Logarithms: Evaluate the logarithms.Since log3(3)=1, we can simplify the expression further.(−5×log3(3))/(4×log3(3))=(−5×1)/(4×1)=−5/4.
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