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Divide the following complex numbers.

(-23+11 i)/(5+i)

Divide the following complex numbers.\newline23+11i5+i \frac{-23+11 i}{5+i}

Full solution

Q. Divide the following complex numbers.\newline23+11i5+i \frac{-23+11 i}{5+i}
  1. Multiply Conjugate: To divide the complex numbers (23+11i)(-23+11i) by (5+i)(5+i), we need to multiply the numerator and the denominator by the conjugate of the denominator to remove the imaginary part from the denominator.\newlineThe conjugate of (5+i)(5+i) is (5i)(5-i).\newline23+11i5+i×5i5i\frac{-23+11i}{5+i} \times \frac{5-i}{5-i}
  2. Multiply Numerators and Denominators: Now, we multiply the numerators together and the denominators together.\newlineNumerator: (23+11i)(5i)(-23+11i)(5-i)\newlineDenominator: (5+i)(5i)(5+i)(5-i)
  3. Multiply Numerators: First, we'll multiply out the numerator.\newline(23+11i)(5i)=23523(i)+11i5+11i(i)(-23+11i)(5-i) = -23\cdot 5 -23\cdot (-i) + 11i\cdot 5 + 11i\cdot (-i)\newline=115+23i+55i11i2= -115 + 23i + 55i - 11i^2\newlineSince i2=1i^2 = -1, we replace 11i2-11i^2 with 1111.\newline=115+23i+55i+11= -115 + 23i + 55i + 11\newline=104+78i= -104 + 78i
  4. Multiply Denominators: Next, we'll multiply out the denominator.\newline(5+i)(5i)=55+5(i)+i5ii(5+i)(5-i) = 5\cdot 5 + 5\cdot (-i) + i\cdot 5 - i\cdot i\newline=255i+5ii2= 25 - 5i + 5i - i^2\newlineAgain, since i2=1i^2 = -1, we replace i2-i^2 with 11.\newline=25+1= 25 + 1\newline=26= 26
  5. Simplify Numerator and Denominator: Now we have the simplified numerator and denominator.\newlineNumerator: 104+78i-104 + 78i\newlineDenominator: 2626\newlineWe divide both the real and imaginary parts of the numerator by the denominator.\newline(104+78i)/26(-104 + 78i) / 26
  6. Divide by Denominator: Divide the real part and the imaginary part by 2626. \newlineReal part: 104/26=4-104 / 26 = -4 \newlineImaginary part: 78i/26=3i78i / 26 = 3i \newlineSo, the division gives us 4+3i-4 + 3i.

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