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There are 12 counters in a bag.
3 of the counters are red
9 of the counters are green
Ameya, Jack and Ella each take at random one counter from the bag.
Work out the probability that at least one red counter is still in the bag.

There are 1212 counters in a bag.\newline33 of the counters are red\newline99 of the counters are green\newlineAmeya, Jack and Ella each take at random one counter from the bag.\newlineWork out the probability that at least one red counter is still in the bag.

Full solution

Q. There are 1212 counters in a bag.\newline33 of the counters are red\newline99 of the counters are green\newlineAmeya, Jack and Ella each take at random one counter from the bag.\newlineWork out the probability that at least one red counter is still in the bag.
  1. Question Prompt: question_prompt: What's the probability that at least one red counter is left in the bag after Ameya, Jack, and Ella each take one?
  2. Total Counters: Total counters in the bag: 1212. Red counters: 33. Green counters: 99.
  3. Probability for Ameya: Probability that the first person (Ameya) does not take a red counter: 99 green counters / 1212 total counters = 34\frac{3}{4}.
  4. Probability for Jack: After Ameya's turn, if no red counter is taken, there are 1111 counters left with 33 red and 88 green. Probability that the second person (Jack) does not take a red counter: 88 green counters / 1111 total counters.
  5. Probability for Ella: Probability calculation for Jack: 811\frac{8}{11}.
  6. Calculation for At Least One Red Counter: If Jack also doesn't take a red counter, there are now 1010 counters left with 33 red and 77 green. Probability that the third person (Ella) does not take a red counter: 7 green counters10 total counters\frac{7 \text{ green counters}}{10 \text{ total counters}}.
  7. Combined Probability Calculation: Probability calculation for Ella: 710\frac{7}{10}.
  8. Calculation Error: To find the probability that at least one red counter is left, we calculate the probability that no red counters are taken and subtract it from 11.
  9. Calculation Error: To find the probability that at least one red counter is left, we calculate the probability that no red counters are taken and subtract it from 11. Combined probability that no red counters are taken by any of the three people: (34)×(811)×(710)(\frac{3}{4}) \times (\frac{8}{11}) \times (\frac{7}{10}).
  10. Calculation Error: To find the probability that at least one red counter is left, we calculate the probability that no red counters are taken and subtract it from 11. Combined probability that no red counters are taken by any of the three people: (34)×(811)×(710)(\frac{3}{4}) \times (\frac{8}{11}) \times (\frac{7}{10}). Calculation error: The combined probability should be (912)×(811)×(710)(\frac{9}{12}) \times (\frac{8}{11}) \times (\frac{7}{10}), not (34)×(811)×(710)(\frac{3}{4}) \times (\frac{8}{11}) \times (\frac{7}{10}).

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