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A memory chip is being designed to hold a number of transistors and heat sinks. The transistors hold memory while the heat sinks cool the chip. There must be at least one heat sink for every 2,000 transistors to prevent overheating. Also, each transistor has an area of 
2.0 ×10^(-10)mm^(2) (square millimeters), each heat sink has an area of 
3.6 ×10^(-6)mm^(2), and the total area of transistors and heat sinks must be at most 
2mm^(2). What is the approximate maximum number of transistors that the chip can hold according to this design?
Choose 1 answer:
(A) 
2.78 ×10^(2)
(B) 
5.56 ×10^(5)
(c) 
1.0 ×10^(9)
(D) 
1.0 ×10^(10)

A memory chip is being designed to hold a number of transistors and heat sinks. The transistors hold memory while the heat sinks cool the chip. There must be at least one heat sink for every 22,000000 transistors to prevent overheating. Also, each transistor has an area of 2.0×1010 mm2 2.0 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{~mm}^{2} (square millimeters), each heat sink has an area of 3.6×106 mm2 3.6 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{~mm}^{2} , and the total area of transistors and heat sinks must be at most 2 mm2 2 \mathrm{~mm}^{2} . What is the approximate maximum number of transistors that the chip can hold according to this design?\newlineChoose 11 answer:\newline(A) 2.78×102 2.78 \times 10^{2} \newline(B) 5.56×105 5.56 \times 10^{5} \newline(C) 1.0×109 1.0 \times 10^{9} \newline(D) 1.0×1010 1.0 \times 10^{10}

Full solution

Q. A memory chip is being designed to hold a number of transistors and heat sinks. The transistors hold memory while the heat sinks cool the chip. There must be at least one heat sink for every 22,000000 transistors to prevent overheating. Also, each transistor has an area of 2.0×1010 mm2 2.0 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{~mm}^{2} (square millimeters), each heat sink has an area of 3.6×106 mm2 3.6 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{~mm}^{2} , and the total area of transistors and heat sinks must be at most 2 mm2 2 \mathrm{~mm}^{2} . What is the approximate maximum number of transistors that the chip can hold according to this design?\newlineChoose 11 answer:\newline(A) 2.78×102 2.78 \times 10^{2} \newline(B) 5.56×105 5.56 \times 10^{5} \newline(C) 1.0×109 1.0 \times 10^{9} \newline(D) 1.0×1010 1.0 \times 10^{10}
  1. Determine Relationship: Determine the relationship between the number of transistors and heat sinks.\newlineAccording to the problem, there must be at least one heat sink for every 2,0002,000 transistors. This means that for every heat sink, there can be up to 2,0002,000 transistors.
  2. Calculate Area: Calculate the area occupied by one heat sink and 22,000000 transistors. The area of one heat sink is given as 3.6×106 mm23.6 \times 10^{-6} \text{ mm}^2. The area of one transistor is given as 2.0×1010 mm22.0 \times 10^{-10} \text{ mm}^2. Therefore, the area for 22,000000 transistors is 2,000×2.0×1010 mm2=4.0×107 mm22,000 \times 2.0 \times 10^{-10} \text{ mm}^2 = 4.0 \times 10^{-7} \text{ mm}^2.
  3. Total Area Calculation: Calculate the total area for one heat sink and the corresponding 22,000000 transistors.\newlineTotal area for one set (one heat sink + 22,000000 transistors) = Area of one heat sink + Area of 22,000000 transistors\newlineTotal area for one set = 3.6×106 mm2+4.0×107 mm23.6 \times 10^{-6} \text{ mm}^2 + 4.0 \times 10^{-7} \text{ mm}^2\newlineTotal area for one set = 4.0×106 mm24.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ mm}^2
  4. Maximum Sets Calculation: Determine the maximum number of sets that can fit within the total area constraint of 2 mm22 \text{ mm}^2.
    Total available area = 2 mm22 \text{ mm}^2
    Area per set = 4.0×106 mm24.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ mm}^2
    Maximum number of sets = Total available area / Area per set
    Maximum number of sets = 2 mm2/4.0×106 mm22 \text{ mm}^2 / 4.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ mm}^2
    Maximum number of sets = 5.0×1055.0 \times 10^5
  5. Calculate Maximum Transistors: Calculate the maximum number of transistors by multiplying the number of sets by the number of transistors per set.\newlineMaximum number of transistors == Maximum number of sets ×\times Number of transistors per set\newlineMaximum number of transistors =5.0×105= 5.0 \times 10^5 sets ×2,000\times 2,000 transistors/set\newlineMaximum number of transistors =1.0×109= 1.0 \times 10^9 transistors

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