Use Cosine Identity: Use the cosine of the supplementary angle identity.The cosine of a supplementary angle 180°−θ is equal to the negative cosine of the angle cos(180°−θ)=−cos(θ). This means that cos(140°)=−cos(40°) and cos(100°)=−cos(80°).
Use Sine Identity: Use the sine of the supplementary angle identity.The sine of a supplementary angle 180°−θ is equal to the sine of the angle sin(180°−θ)=sin(θ). This means that sin(140°)=sin(40°) and sin(100°)=sin(80°).
Substitute Values: Substitute the values from Step 1 and Step 2 into the original expression.The expression becomes (−cos(40°)+cos(80°))/(sin(40°)−sin(80°)).
Use Co-function Identities: Use the sine and cosine co-function identities.The co-function identities state that sin(θ)=cos(90°−θ) and cos(θ)=sin(90°−θ). This means that cos(80°)=sin(10°) and cos(40°)=sin(50°).
Substitute Values: Substitute the values from Step 4 into the expression from Step 3.The expression now becomes (−sin(50∘)+sin(10∘))/(sin(40∘)−sin(80∘)).
Use Sine Identities: Use the sine difference and sum identities.The sine difference identity is sin(a)−sin(b)=2⋅cos(2a+b)⋅sin(2a−b). Applying this to both the numerator and the denominator, we get:Numerator: 2⋅cos(250°+10°)⋅sin(250°−10°)=2⋅cos(30°)⋅sin(20°)Denominator: 2⋅cos(240°+80°)⋅sin(240°−80°)=2⋅cos(60°)⋅sin(−20°)
Simplify Expression: Simplify the expression.Since sin(−θ)=−sin(θ), the denominator becomes −2×cos(60∘)×sin(20∘). The 2's and sin(20∘) terms cancel out in the numerator and denominator, leaving us with:cos(30∘)/−cos(60∘)
Calculate Cosine Values: Calculate the exact values of cos(30°) and cos(60°).cos(30°)=3/2 and cos(60°)=1/2.
Substitute Values: Substitute the exact values into the simplified expression.The final expression is (3/2)/−(1/2).
Simplify Final Expression: Simplify the final expression.When we divide by a fraction, it is the same as multiplying by its reciprocal. Therefore, the final answer is:(3/2)×−(2/1)=−3
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